Fracking, also known as "hydro fracking" is a process of extracting natural gas. In order to succeed in this, first, a drilling location has to be established. Once this location is chosen, you would have to drill a well vertically to the ground and then turn it ninety degrees horizontally for several thousand feet into the place that is believed to contain the natural gas.
After completing the step one, the chosen area has to go through the process of perfing and fracking. A perforating gun has to be lowered by a wire into the casing. An electrical current is sent to set off a charge that creates small holes through the casing and cement. Once this step is over, the perf gun gets pulled out of the hole. Next, the well has to be fracked. A mix of water, sand, and chemicals get pumped into the well at high pressure to create pressure in the shale to fracture. This will allow the released gas to flow to the wellbore and then to the surface where it gets processed and refined. Flowback, which known as the wastewater, goes back to the surface completing the fracking process.
Description: Above graph shows the U.S. states that allow fracking. In addition, on the y-axis, the graph illustrates the role of fracking in global warming pollution (metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent). According to the graph, well completion from 2005 to 2012 is 100 million metric tons of carbon dioxide.
Work Cited
"Appalachia By The Numbers." Appalachian Journal 38.2/3 (2011): 334. Web.
Description: Illustration above shows the process of fracking.
Legend: Map above shows the states that allow fracking, states may allow fracking and a state that banned fracking.
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